Given the root of a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

A valid BST is defined as follows:

The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node's key.
Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

  Example 1:

Input: root = [2,1,3] Output: true

Example 2:

Input: root = [5,1,4,null,null,3,6] Output: false Explanation: The root node's value is 5 but its right child's value is 4.

  Constraints:

The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [1, 10⁴].
-2³¹ <= Node.val <= 2³¹ - 1